PCR

关于EPD规则中可再生能源的界定建议

政策法规作者：龚万彬版权：EPD促进中心技术委员会 (2904)

2023-08-15 17:11:22

近期，EPD促进中心和欧盟EPD平台同行就可再生能源（电力为主）在产品环境影响评价声明（EPD），包括产品碳足迹应用中如何界定以及计算等问题展开讨论，确定PCR中可再生能源的评估规则，EPD促进中心就此问题与部分技术委员和相关专业人士展开了交流和讨论，并于今天做出了初步回复，供大家参考，如果您有进一步的意见和建议，欢迎反馈给EPD促进中心技术委员会（邮箱：PCR@EPDCHINA.CN)，我们很乐意听到大家的意见和建议。

回信如下（中英文）：

尊敬的巴斯蒂安

上次我们讨论可再生能源问题，您要求我们为中国产品的EPD评估部分的可再生能源使用规则的制定做出提议，在这里我们通过和一些利益相关者的讨论中得出初步框架供您参考，我们也将在本周及稍后与其他一些技术成员讨论这个问题并进一步进行更新。

背景：
中国的能源供应，特别是电力供应正在不断转型，以鼓励中国企业和用户更多地采用可再生能源生产和消费。正确识别产品生命周期（即上游、核心和下游阶段）的能源使用，对于产品碳足迹、LCA和EPD至关重要。

挑战：
由于能源供应的限制和性质，制造商很难追踪能源供应的来源，在正在制定和已经陆续发布的新政策出台之前，不可能仅仅依靠公司的电费账单来正确评估企业的可再生能源消耗情况。

一旦公司努力购买“绿色”能源，一大挑战是如何避免重复计算并确保环境效益得到适当分配，一次而不是两次或更多，以帮助能源用户真正（通过绿色电力供应）或虚拟市场（通过绿色证书）购买绿色能源。

CFP/EPD解决方案（截至2023年8月15日）：

相较于欧盟的（电力）来源保证（GoO）政策，中国绿色能源的可追溯性尚在发展中，EPDChina技术委员会建议采用以下原则来解决可再生能源供应问题：

1.可追溯性：可再生能源供应，无论是现场还是场外生产，或使用分离的绿色证书（与电力分离）购买，都应包括可再生能源供应的来源信息;
2.可靠性：可再生能源供应量，应准确对应生产地点和对应数量，并在考核的时间跨度和范围内;
3.可验证性：通过采购协议、能源账单或其他表格或证据提供的信息，应允许验证者正确评估和验证信息的适当性。

由于绿色电力和证书的双重计算分配问题尚未成功解决，绿色电力和证书暂时都不能直接作为产品可再生能源供应的证据，因此目前计算能源环境使用的影响应该采用适当的默认平均中国国家或地区能源供应组合数据集（Ecoinvent 3.9或EPDChina-1mi1数据集，最新能源更新为2020年）。

除非公司能够证明“绿色”电力或绿色证书的双重计算问题毫无疑问地得到解决，例如当绿色证书市场政策支持可再生能源生产的追踪并通过环境权益唯一性避免重复计算时（结合我国的绿证新政），或者可再生能源的环境属性只出售和核算一次，那么绿色电力或证书可以计入能源供应。在这种情况下，除可再生能源外的其余能源消耗对环境的影响应使用来自燃煤电厂或区域能源组合的通用数据，采用后者的前提是在区域能源组合供应中绿色电力或证书的附加性不重复计算。

EPDChina技术委员会将密切关注中国绿色电力和证书政策和市场的发展，以更新可再生能源计数的PCR要求。

Last time we discussed the renewable energy issue and you asked us to contribute to the development of rules of using renewable energy in the EPD in China, here we come up with the preliminary framework from discussion with some stakeholders in China for your reference, and we will also discuss this issue with some other technical members this week and later for update.

Background:

The energy supply, especially electricity supply in China is under continuous transformation to encourage more adoption of renewable energy product and consumption in China, to properly identify the energy supply used to cover the products' life cycle, meaning upstream, core and downstream stages, is critical for LCA and EPD, especially CFP mostly cared by the market.

Challenge:

The source of energy supply is difficult to track for manufacturers due to restriction and character of energy supply, it is not possible to rely merely on the electricity bill from the company to correctly address the issue in many regions in China before the new policies would be stipulated (ongoing today).

Once the companies make their effort to purchase 'green' energy, one big challenge is how to avoid double counting and make sure the environmental benefit is allocated properly, once and not twice or more, to help energy users purchase green energy in real (through green electricity supply) or virtually (through green certificate).

Solution for CFP/EPD for products made in China (by Aug 15, 2023):

Comparing to the GoO policy in EU, the traceability of green energy in China is still under development, it is suggested by the EPDChina technical committee to use the following principle to address the renewable energy supply issue:

1. traceability: the renewable energy supply, either produced onsite or offsite, or purchased using the separated green certificate (detached from the electricity), should include the source of renewable energy supply;

2. accountability: the amount of renewable energy supply, should be exact location and corresponding quantity, and within the time horizon and scope of the assessment;

3. verifiable: the information, either by Procurement agreement, energy bill or other forms or evidence, should allow the verifier to properly assess and verify the appropriateness of information.

Since the double accountability issue of green electricity and certificate is not resolved successfully yet, neither green electricity nor certificate can be used directly as evidence of renewable energy supply, the calculation of energy environmental footprint should use the appropriate default average China national or regional energy supply mix dataset (the latest update in Ecoinvent 3.9 or EPDChina-1mi1 dataset being year 2020).

Unless the company can prove that the double accountability issue of 'green' electricity or green certificate is solved without question, e.g. when the policy of green certificate market would support the tracing of renewable energy production and double counting is avoided, or the renewable energy's environmental attribute is sold and accounted only once, then the green electricity or certificate can be accounted into the energy supply. in this case, the environmental impact of the rest energy consumption other than renewable energy should use the generic data from coal-fire power plant or regional energy mix, provided that the additionality of the green electricity or certificate is not double counted in the regional energy mix supply.

The EPDChina technical committee will keep an eye on the development of the green electricity and certificate policy and market in China to update the PCR requirement on counting of renewable energy.

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